Legal Harmonization of Coal Natural Resources Management Based on Sustainable Development in the Perspective of Criminal Law

M. Yudha Setyabudi; Sukamto Satoto; Usman Usman

doi:10.59890/ijla.v3i2.16

Authors

M. Yudha Setyabudi Universitas Jambi
Sukamto Satoto Universitas Jambi
Usman Usman Universitas Jambi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59890/ijla.v3i2.16

Keywords:

Mining, Natural Resources, Sustainable Development

Abstract

This study analyzes the regulation and legal harmonization of coal resource management in Indonesia from the perspective of sustainable development and criminal law. Using a normative juridical method with conceptual, statutory, political, and historical approaches, the study finds that coal management is grounded in the 1945 Constitution and various sectoral laws. However, legal fragmentation and weak enforcement hinder environmental protection and justice. Harmonization of criminal sanctions, especially in cases of illegal mining and abuse of authority, is essential. The study proposes an ideal legal construction based on justice, sustainability, and legal certainty, aligned with the principle of the rule of law to ensure effective and fair coal governance in Indonesia.

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